Last Updated on January 15, 2024 by Pauline G. Carter
When we think of animals in our lives, one of the last ones that I think about is the chicken even though we eat eggs and chicken weekly. So today, I’m going to enlighten you all on the breeds and differences in chickens.
I will describe to you, what chickens are best for laying eggs, which ones are best for meat purposes, the chickens that are best for eggs and meat, show poultry, and Bantam.
At the end of the article, you’ll see a list of chickens to have as a reference source.
Chicken Breeds – Type, List, Picture & Information
Meat Breeds
We have chicken breeds that are for meat. Many people are worried about hormones in our foods, therefore deciding to raise their food. If you want to follow their lead, these are the chickens to raise.
The Cornish Cross is preferred when picking a chicken for meat. They can be up to 12 pounds in 6-8 weeks. The Jersey Giant weighs up to 13 pounds, but they are slow growers who need a lot of food.
Bresse is a white chicken that is a fairly large chicken breed. With their bright blue feet, it’s not hard to see this bird. They are expensive and popular. They can get up to 7 pounds. Orpington is the last meat chicken I’ll cover. They average 8 pounds and have tender meat.
Dual Purpose
The three best dual-purpose chickens include Black Australorp, its friendly, a great egg layer, and a great mother. They are protective of the flock. Speckled Sussex, which is beautiful and nice, protective as well.
Rhode Island red, great layer and meat, they get up to 8 pounds. There are many resources to find the best meat birds online, so you can pick your favorite chicken to raise and eat.
Exhibition/ Show Poultry
The poultry show is a small piece of a livestock show, which involves an exhibition and competition of the chickens. Chickens are trained for these shows and they are cleaned very well and given manicures too. The chicken breeders are highlighted at the shows as well. It’s a display of beautiful birds.
Bantam
What are Bantam chicken breeds? They are a little smaller than other birds and they’re great for small backyards. They are very adorable birds.
They are little versions of Brahma chicken. They lay eggs as well, but they do not produce that many eggs per year. They don’t eat much though and their eggs are smaller, but they still taste the same.
Now that you know more about the breeds of chickens, I’ll provide a list of the breeds of chickens that we have.
The A-Z of Chicken Breeds – Choosing the Perfect One
1. Ameraucana
The Ameraucana chicken breed is known for its unique blue eggs, a trait that distinguishes it from most other chicken breeds. Originating in the United States, this breed is medium-sized, with a distinct appearance featuring a pea comb and muffs and beard around their faces. They come in various colors, including Blue, Black, White, Silver, and Wheaten. Ameraucanas are known for their broody temperament, making them a popular choice for backyard flocks. They are also good layers, providing a steady supply of their characteristic eggs.
| Egg Laying: | Excellent (5/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light Blue |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Broody |
2. American Game
The American Game chicken is a captivating breed renowned for its vibrant history and impressive athleticism. Developed in the United States, this breed stands out with its lean, muscular build, alert demeanor, and striking feather patterns. Known for their resilience and spirited nature, American Game chickens are admired for both ornamental and competitive purposes. Their varied plumage, ranging from brilliant golds to deep reds and iridescent greens, adds to their allure. Favored by enthusiasts for their spirited temperament, they epitomize the qualities of strength and beauty in the avian world.
| Egg Laying: | Fair (2/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Whitish/Cream |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Hardy |
3. Ancona
The Ancona chicken breed, originating from Italy, is known for its striking plumage, predominantly black with white-tipped feathers. This hardy and adaptable breed excels in egg-laying, often producing large white eggs. Anconas are active foragers, displaying a lively temperament. Their sleek, lightweight build and distinctive mottled appearance make them a favorite among poultry enthusiasts.
| Egg Laying: | Excellent (5/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Active |
4. Andalusian
The Andalusian chicken breed, hailing from Spain, is renowned for its beautiful blue-grey feathers, a result of a unique genetic trait. These medium-sized birds are active and gentle, thriving in various environments. Known for consistent egg laying, they produce large white eggs. Their elegant appearance and friendly nature make them popular among poultry keepers.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Active, Gentle |
5. Appenzeller Spitzhauben
The Appenzeller Spitzhauben, named after a Swiss hat, is known for its distinctive crest of feathers. This breed showcases striking plumage, usually in black, gold, or silver, with a V-shaped comb. These active, foraging chickens are excellent climbers and prefer free-range environments. They lay medium-sized white eggs and are valued for their unique appearance and spirited personality.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes (in winter) |
| Temperament: | Forager |
6. Araucana
The Araucana chicken breed, originating from Chile, is famous for its unique feature: tufts of feathers near the ears and the absence of a tail. Known for laying eggs with blue to greenish shells, they are a medium-sized breed with a calm disposition. Their unusual appearance and egg color make them a fascinating choice for poultry enthusiasts.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Blue |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Flighty |
7. Asil (Aseel)
The Asil/ Aseel chicken, an ancient breed from India, is renowned for its muscular build and distinctive, upright stance. Known for their strength, courage, and aggression, particularly in roosters, they have a deep chest and strong legs. Asils are slow-growing but long-living, laying cream or tinted eggs. They’re admired for their resilience and striking appearance.
| Egg Laying: | Poor (1/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Cream or Tinted |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes (in winter) |
| Temperament: | Aggressive |
8. Australorp
The Australorp, developed in Australia, is a highly regarded breed known for its exceptional egg-laying capacity, once setting world records. They display glossy black feathers with a green sheen, a robust and heavyset build, and a calm, friendly temperament. Australorps are adaptable, thrive in various environments, and are popular both as backyard chickens and in commercial egg production.
| Egg Laying: | Excellent (5/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Hardy, Docile |
9. Ayam Cemani
The Ayam Cemani chicken, a rare breed from Indonesia, is striking for its all-black appearance, encompassing feathers, skin, and even internal organs due to a genetic condition called fibromelanosis. This medium-sized chicken with a sleek, muscular build is revered in its native land for its mystical qualities. They lay cream-colored eggs and are known for their calm, tame demeanor, making them unique and sought-after among poultry enthusiasts.
| Egg Laying: | Fair (2/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Flighty |
10. Barnevelder
The Barnevelder chicken, originating from the Barneveld, Netherlands, is cherished for its beautifully laced double-layered feathers, typically in rich shades of brown and black. This robust, dual-purpose breed excels in both egg production, laying light brown eggs, and meat yield. Known for their docile and friendly nature, Barnevelders are well-suited for backyard poultry enthusiasts, adapting easily to various climates and environments.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Friendly, Active, Quiet, Lively |
11. Braekel
The Braekel chicken, a traditional Belgian breed, is known for its elegant, streamlined body and striking plumage, usually silver or gold with a unique penciling pattern. Renowned as a prolific layer of large white eggs, the Braekel is hardy and active, thriving in free-range conditions. They are characterized by their alertness and resilience, making them a valued breed among poultry keepers for both their utility and beauty.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Active |
12. Brahma
The Brahma chicken, known as the “King of Poultry” for its impressive size, originated from Asia and became popular in the U.S. This breed boasts a thick, feathered body in shades like light, dark, and buff. Brahmas are calm, friendly giants, excellent in cold weather due to their dense plumage. They’re valued for both meat and moderate egg production, laying brown eggs.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Friendly |
| Temperament: | Yes |
13. Buckeye
The Buckeye chicken, a unique American breed developed in Ohio, is notable for its rich, mahogany-red plumage and pea comb. This robust, dual-purpose breed excels in both meat production and egg-laying, producing medium-sized brown eggs. Buckeyes are characterized by their friendly and calm temperament, making them excellent foragers and a good choice for mixed flocks. They’re well-adapted to colder climates, with their dense feathers providing ample warmth.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Peaceful |
14. California Gray
The California Gray chicken, developed in the United States for superior egg production, is known for its distinctive barred gray and white plumage. This breed is a prolific layer, providing a high yield of large white eggs. California Grays are medium-sized, hardy chickens with a friendly disposition, making them well-suited for backyard poultry keeping. Their adaptability to various climates and efficient foraging abilities contribute to their popularity among farmers and hobbyists alike.
| Egg Laying: | Excellent (5/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Quiet |
15. California White
The California White is a remarkable chicken breed known for its prolific egg-laying abilities. Developed from a cross between a White Leghorn and a California Gray, this breed is easily recognized by its predominantly white feathers with occasional black flecks. Renowned for their hardiness and adaptability, California Whites are excellent foragers and exhibit a calm, friendly temperament. Their exceptional egg production, often yielding large, white eggs, makes them a favorite among backyard poultry enthusiasts and commercial egg producers alike.
| Egg Laying: | Excellent (5/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Quiet |
16. Campine
The Campine chicken, originating from Belgium, is a striking breed known for its vibrant plumage. Characterized by a unique silver or golden feather pattern, these active and hardy birds are primarily kept for ornamental purposes. Campines are also admired for their excellent foraging skills and friendly disposition, making them a popular choice among poultry lovers. Despite being relatively small, they lay a good number of white eggs. Their spirited nature and elegant appearance make them a delightful addition to any flock.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Active |
17. Catalana
The Catalana chicken, a rustic and robust breed from Catalonia, Spain, is known for its striking appearance and adaptability. With a rich red-gold plumage and large, expressive eyes, they thrive in various climates. These birds are valued for both egg-laying and meat production. Their strong foraging skills and independent nature make them excellent free-range chickens.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Pinkish Cream |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Active |
18. Chantecler
The Chantecler chicken, Canada’s proud contribution to the poultry world, is a breed known for its resilience to cold climates. Developed in Quebec, this robust bird features a small comb and thick plumage, ideal for harsh winters. Chanteclers are calm and friendly, excelling in both egg and meat production. Their unique combination of hardiness, gentle temperament, and productivity makes them a cherished choice for farmers and hobbyists in cooler regions.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Gentle |
19. Cochin
The Cochin chicken, originating from China, is renowned for its impressive size and fluffy, feathered legs. This breed comes in various colors and is cherished for its friendly, docile nature, making it a favorite among backyard chicken keepers. While not prolific egg layers, Cochins are excellent brooders and mothers. Their calm demeanor and striking appearance, including a full plumage that extends down to their feet, make them a unique and lovable addition to any flock, often kept for ornamental purposes and as pets.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Friendly, Calm, Quiet |
20. Cornish
The Cornish chicken, a robust and muscular breed from Cornwall, England, is highly regarded for its meat production. With a broad, compact body and strong legs, Cornishes are less known for egg-laying but excel in providing quality meat. They display various colors, including white, dark, and red. Cornishes are also appreciated for their hardiness and unique look, making them a valued breed in poultry shows and small farms.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Aggressive |
21. Cubalaya
The Cubalaya chicken, a graceful breed hailing from Cuba, is distinguished by its unique, lobed tail carried horizontally. This breed, recognized in various vibrant colors, is known for its dual-purpose nature, excelling in both egg and meat production. Cubalayas are admired for their gentle temperament and striking appearance, with a sleek body and elegant posture.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes (in winter) |
| Temperament: | Forager |
22. Derbyshire Redcap
The Derbyshire Redcap, a distinctive British breed, is renowned for its large, red comb and robust build. Originating from the Derbyshire region, it is an active, hardy bird, primarily kept for its impressive egg-laying capabilities. The Redcap has a striking appearance with predominantly red and black plumage. This breed is a favorite among those who appreciate traditional poultry breeds with unique characteristics and strong productivity.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Hardy |
23. Dominique
The Dominique chicken, America’s oldest chicken breed, is cherished for its barred plumage and rose comb. Known for its hardiness and good egg-laying ability, it’s a versatile, family-friendly bird. Dominiques are also prized for their docile temperament and adaptability to various climates.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Forager, Calm, Personable, Hardy |
24. Dorking
The Dorking chicken is a venerable British breed, renowned for its five-toed feet, square body, and excellent meat quality. With a calm demeanor and attractive plumage, it excels in free-range settings. This breed is less prolific in egg-laying but is valued for its flavorful meat.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Calm, Docile |
25. Dutch Bantam
The Dutch Bantam is a charming, small chicken breed originating from the Netherlands. Renowned for its friendly disposition and striking appearance, it features a full, rounded breast, upright tail, and a variety of color patterns. Ideal for small backyards, this breed is hardy and known for consistent egg-laying.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light Brown |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Friendly, Flighty |
26. Easter Egger
The Easter Egger chicken is a delightful and colorful breed known for laying a variety of egg colors, often resembling Easter eggs. This American breed is not a true breed but a mix, typically featuring muffs, beards, and a diverse range of feather colors. Adaptable and friendly, Easter Eggers are excellent for backyard flocks. They are hardy, have good layers, and are suitable for families seeking an interactive and visually striking breed.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Green/Blue/Pink/Multi |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Peaceful |
27. Faverolles
The Faverolles chicken is a distinctive, dual-purpose French breed, prized for both its eggs and meat. Characterized by its fluffy beard, feathered feet, and five toes, it boasts a unique appearance. This breed comes in various colors, with salmon being particularly notable. Gentle and sociable, Faverolles are excellent for backyard flocks and are particularly good with children, making them a favorite among family-oriented poultry keepers.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light brown, Pinkish |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Gentle, Docile |
28. Fayoumi
The Fayoumi chicken, originating from Egypt, is renowned for its striking appearance and hardy nature. This breed, known for early maturity and good egg-laying abilities, sports a unique plumage of white and black speckles. Flighty, Fayoumis are excellent foragers and show notable resistance to common poultry diseases, making them a robust and low-maintenance choice for poultry enthusiasts.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Off-white, Tinted |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Flighty |
29. Hamburg
The Hamburg chicken, a strikingly beautiful breed, is known for its distinctive plumage and vibrant colors, ranging from silver-spangled to golden. These small, active birds are excellent layers of white eggs and are celebrated for their foraging skills. Their elegant appearance and lively temperament make them popular.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Docile |
30. Holland
The Holland chicken, developed in the United States, is a dual-purpose breed known for its good egg-laying and meat production. Characterized by its white feathers and red comb, it’s a hardy and robust bird, well-suited for various climates. Its calm demeanor and efficiency make it a favorite.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Calm |
31. Houdan
The Houdan chicken, a French breed, is renowned for its unique appearance, featuring a crest of feathers, vulture hocks, and a distinct five-toed arrangement. Known for their large, white eggs and fine meat quality, Houdans have a calm temperament and striking mottled black-and-white plumage, making them a favorite in poultry shows and small farms.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Sweet, Easily handled |
32. Iowa Blue
The Iowa Blue chicken, an American breed with a misleading name, is not blue but exhibits a beautiful range of black, brown, and red tones. Developed in Iowa, these birds are hardy, excellent foragers, and known for their protective nature. They lay a decent number of brown eggs and are valued for both their egg-laying and meat qualities.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | – |
| Temperament: | Skittish |
33. Ixworth
The Ixworth chicken, originating from Ixworth in England, is a rare and sought-after breed known for its dual-purpose qualities. It features a predominantly white plumage with a red comb and is prized for its meat as well as its proficiency in egg-laying, producing a good number of cream-colored eggs.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Tinted |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | – |
| Temperament: | Alert, Active |
34. Jangmigye
The Jangmigye, a unique chicken breed from South Korea, is known for its distinctive long legs and upright posture. This breed exhibits a range of feather colors, including black, white, and red. Jangmigye chickens are valued for both their meat and eggs, and they’re recognized for their hardiness and adaptability to various climates.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light Brown |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | – |
| Temperament: | Friendly, calm |
35. Japanese Bantam
The Japanese Bantam, a charming and miniature breed, is renowned for its short legs, large comb, and gracefully arched tail. Originating in Japan, this ornamental breed comes in various colors, including black, white, and Wheaten. Despite their small size, they’re full of personality, making them popular in shows and as pets.
| Egg Laying: | Fair (2/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Cream or tinted |
| Primary use: | Exhibition /Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Hardy, Bit flighty |
36. Java Chicken
The Java chicken, one of the oldest American breeds, is known for its large size and dual-purpose qualities. It comes in multiple colors, including black, mottled, and white, with a distinctive, full plumage. These chickens are hardy and excellent foragers, producing a good number of brown eggs.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Cream or tinted |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Hardy, Docile |
37. Jersey Giant
The Jersey Giant chicken, as its name suggests, is the largest chicken breed, developed in the United States for its substantial meat production. Recognizable by its tall, robust stature and black, blue, or white feathers, it’s a slow-growing breed but compensates with size and gentle temperament. Despite their size, they are friendly and docile, making them a popular choice for backyard flocks. They also lay a fair number of large brown eggs, adding to their appeal as a dual-purpose breed.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Calm, Docile |
38. Kuroiler
The Kuroiler, a hybrid chicken breed developed in India, is celebrated for its remarkable growth rate and excellent meat and egg production. These birds, with their varied and colorful plumage, are hardy and well-suited to free-range farming. They thrive in diverse environments, showing resilience to common poultry diseases.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | – |
| Temperament: | Friendly, Feed Continuously, Good Foragers |
39. Lakenvelder
The Lakenvelder chicken, a distinctive and elegant chicken breed, originates from Germany and the Netherlands. Characterized by a striking black and white color pattern, with a white body and black head and tail feathers, they are known for their active and foraging nature. While not prolific layers, they produce a fair number of medium-sized, tinted, white eggs.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Tinted, White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Active, Quick |
40. Lamona
The Lamona chicken, a rare American breed, was developed for its dual-purpose capabilities. It features a distinctive white plumage, yellow skin, and a single comb. Lamonas are known for their good egg-laying ability, producing large white eggs, and for yielding a respectable amount of meat. They are hardy and adaptable to various environments, making them suitable for both small-scale farming and backyard poultry keeping.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Meat |
| Cold Hardy: | – |
| Temperament: | Friendly, Docile |
41. Legbar
The Legbar is a popular chicken breed known for its striking appearance and light blue eggs. Originating in Britain, Legbars are prized for their friendly nature and excellent egg-laying capabilities. With their distinctive crest and sleek body, they make both a delightful addition to backyard flocks and a valuable egg producer.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light Blue |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Forager |
42. Leghorn
The Leghorn chicken is a popular breed, originating from Italy and renowned for its exceptional egg-laying abilities. These birds are typically white, although other colors exist. They are known for their slender, athletic build and active, spirited nature. Leghorns are hardy and adaptable, thriving in various climates.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Nervous, Flighty |
43. Malay
The Malay chicken is a striking breed, known for its impressive height and muscular build. Originating in Southeast Asia, it’s one of the tallest chicken breeds, with a bold and upright posture. This breed has a distinctively strong beak and expressive eyes. Malay chickens are prized for their ornamental value and unique appearance, though they are not prolific egg layers.
| Egg Laying: | Fair (2/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light-brown |
| Primary use: | Meat |
| Cold Hardy: | – |
| Temperament: | Aggressive |
44. Marans
The Marans chicken, originating from France, is celebrated for its rich, chocolate-brown eggs. This breed showcases a variety of colors, including black, copper, and silver cuckoo. Marans are robust and hardy with a calm demeanor, making them excellent backyard chickens. They have a moderate egg-laying ability and are also valued for their meat quality.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Dark brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Quiet, Docile |
45. Marsh Daisy
The Marsh Daisy is a rare British chicken breed, known for its distinctive rose comb and alert, perky appearance. It comes in various colors, including wheaten, buff, and brown. This breed is valued for both its egg-laying and foraging abilities. Marsh Daisies are hardy, adaptable to damp conditions, and have an active temperament.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Tinted |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Calm, Active |
46. Minorca
The Minorca is a Mediterranean chicken breed, renowned for its large size and striking appearance. It has glossy black feathers, long wattles, and a prominent red comb, contrasting with its white earlobes. Known for laying large, white eggs, Minorcas are noisy, flighty, and adaptable to hot climates.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Noisy, Flighty |
47. Modern Game
The Modern Game is a unique chicken breed, developed for exhibition rather than utility. It’s characterized by its tall, slender build, long legs, and upright posture, resembling a wildfowl. This breed comes in various vibrant colors and has a stylish, distinctive appearance. Although not prolific egg layers, Modern Game chickens are cherished for their ornamental value and engaging personalities.
| Egg Laying: | Poor (1/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Curious, Friendly |
48. Naked Neck
The Naked Neck chicken, also known as “Turken,” is notable for its distinctive lack of feathers on its neck and ventral part of the body. This breed is robust and adaptable, excelling in various climates due to its unique feathering. They display a variety of colors and have a cold hardy temperament, making them a curious and practical addition to backyard flocks.
| Egg Laying: | Fair (2/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Cold hardy |
49. Nankin
The Nankin is a small, bantam chicken breed with a rich history, known for its friendly and docile nature. It exhibits a striking buff color with black-tailed feathers. This breed has a distinctive rose comb and short legs, contributing to its charming appearance. Nankins are primarily kept as ornamental birds or for their brooding abilities, as they are excellent mothers.
| Egg Laying: | – |
| Egg Color: | Tinted |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Friendly, Calm |
50. New Hampshire
The New Hampshire chicken is a robust, early-maturing breed developed in New Hampshire, United States. It sports a reddish-brown plumage and a sturdy, broad body. Renowned for its meat production and strong egg-laying capacity, this breed is also appreciated for its competitive, aggressive temperament.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Competitve, Aggressive |
51. Norfolk Grey
The Norfolk Grey is a rare British chicken breed, esteemed for its striking appearance and dual-purpose utility. It exhibits a beautiful plumage of silver-grey and black, with a distinctive black tail. Developed in Norfolk, England, this breed is known for its good egg-laying abilities and quality meat production.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Tinted |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | – |
| Temperament: | Active Forager |
52. Old English Game
The Old English Game is a historic breed known for its courage and high spirit. This breed boasts a wide variety of striking colors and has a compact, muscular body with strong legs. Old English Game chickens are admired for their agility and gameness. While they’re not prolific egg layers, they’re often kept for their ornamental value and use in competitive poultry shows.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Tinted, Cream |
| Primary use: | Meat |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Self-sufficient, Noisy, Aggressive |
53. Orloff
The Orloff is a distinctive chicken breed with a strong, robust build and a unique appearance. Originating from Russia, Iran, it features a prominent beard, muff, and a walnut-shaped comb. Its feathers are thick and dense, ideal for cold climates.
| Egg Laying: | Fair (2/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Calm |
54. Orpington
The Orpington is a popular chicken breed, originating from England, known for its large size and fluffy plumage. This breed comes in various colors like black, blue, and white. Orpingtons are prized for their dual-purpose qualities, providing both substantial meat and good egg production.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Light Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Calm |
55. Pekin
The Pekin chicken is a charming, small bantam breed, known for its profuse feathering that often covers its feet and legs. It comes in a variety of colors, including blue, black, white, and lavender. Pekins are particularly popular for their friendly, docile nature, making them excellent pets, especially for families with children.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Docile |
56. Penedesenca
The Penedesenca is a rare Spanish breed, notable for its distinctive red earlobes and large, dark brown eggs. It comes in various colors, including black, partridge, and wheaten. This breed is medium-sized with a sleek, game-like appearance. They have an active temperament and are excellent foragers, making them a good choice for free-range systems.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Dark Brown |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Active |
57. Phoenix
The Phoenix is an elegant chicken breed, renowned for its extraordinarily long, flowing tail feathers that can reach several feet in length. Developed in Germany with Japanese Onagadori influences, this breed exhibits a graceful and upright posture. Phoenix chickens come in various colors, including gold, silver, and black-breasted red.
| Egg Laying: | Poor (1/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Golden, Silver |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Unfriendly, Docile |
58. Plymouth Rock
The Plymouth Rock is a classic American chicken breed, admired for its distinctive barred plumage, also available in white, buff, and other colors. It’s a dual-purpose breed, valued for both its meat and consistent egg-laying ability. Plymouth Rocks are known for their friendly and docile nature, making them excellent backyard chickens.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown, Light Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Calm |
59. Polish
The Polish chicken is a distinctive and ornamental breed, known for its remarkable crest of feathers that resembles a pom-pom. This breed has a unique appearance, characterized by a large, spherical head tuft and a v-shaped comb. It’s a non-sitting breed and is primarily kept for exhibition and ornamental purposes. Their friendly and calm temperament makes them a popular choice for backyard flocks.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Friendly |
60. Red Shaver
The Red Shaver chicken is a hardy and versatile breed, developed for both egg and meat production. Known for their deep red feathers and robust build, they are highly valued for their efficient feed conversion and strong egg-laying capabilities. Their friendly nature and good foraging skills also contribute to their appeal in small-scale and sustainable farming environments.
| Egg Laying: | – |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Calm, Friendly, Quiet, Hardy |
61. Rhode Island Red
The Rhode Island Red chicken is a renowned American breed, famous for its deep rust-colored feathers and remarkable hardiness. Excelling in both egg and meat production. This breed is known for its robust constitution, adaptability to various environments, and consistent laying of large, brown eggs.
| Egg Laying: | Excellent (5/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Hardy |
62. Rhode Island White
The Rhode Island White is a robust and reliable Rhode Island, American chicken breed, prized for its pure white plumage and strong constitution. Developed for dual-purpose farming, it excels in both egg and meat production. This breed is known for its hardiness, adaptability to various climates, and prolific egg-laying abilities, producing large, brown eggs.
| Egg Laying: | Excellent (5/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Calm, Easy going |
63. Scots Dumpy
The Scots Dumpy is a unique and ancient chicken breed from Scotland, characterized by its short legs and stout, dumpy body. Known for its hardy nature and excellent foraging abilities, it is well-suited to free-range conditions. This breed comes in a variety of colors and is valued for both its meat and medium-sized eggs.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Off-white, Tinted |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Quiet |
64. Scots Grey
The Scots Grey is a heritage chicken breed from Scotland, distinguished by its striking barred plumage and tall, elegant stature. This forager and active breed is known for its excellent foraging skills, making it ideal for free-range environments. It’s primarily kept for egg production, laying a good number of medium-sized eggs.
| Egg Laying: | – |
| Egg Color: | Cream |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Forager, Active |
65. Sebright
The Sebright chicken, a true bantam breed, is celebrated for its exquisite laced plumage and symmetrical pattern. Originating in England, this breed boasts a confident and active disposition. Known for their diminutive size and bright, attentive eyes, Sebrights are primarily ornamental.
| Egg Laying: | Poor (1/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Friendly, Active |
66. Frizzle
The Frizzle chicken is a distinctive breed known for its unique, curly feathers that give it a frizzled appearance. Originating from Asia, these birds are prized for their ornamental value rather than meat or egg production. Frizzles come in various colors and sizes, and are friendly, gentle, and well-suited for backyard flocks.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Tinted, White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Good forager, Hardy |
67. Serama
The Serama chicken, originating from Malaysia, is renowned for being the world’s smallest chicken breed. These tiny, charming birds are known for their confident, upright posture, full breasts, and vertical tail feathers, giving them a distinctive appearance. Seramas are cherished for their friendly, personable nature and come in a variety of colors and feather types.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Cream or Tinted |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Calm, Manageable, Assertive, Confident |
68. Shamo
The Shamo chicken, a breed from Japan, is known for its tall, upright stance and muscular build, resembling a game bird. These chickens have a distinctive appearance with sparse feathering, particularly around the neck and thighs, and a proud, fearless demeanor. Shamo chickens are often raised for ornamental purposes and are valued for their strength and resilience.
| Egg Laying: | Fair (2/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Pleasant, Docile |
69. Sicilian Buttercup
The Sicilian Buttercup chicken, originating from the Italian island of Sicily, is known for its striking appearance. This breed features a unique buttercup-shaped comb and a beautiful golden feather pattern. They are medium-sized, active, and alert birds, valued more for their ornamental qualities than for egg or meat production.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Active |
70. Silkie
The Silkie chicken, originating from Asia, is a beloved breed known for its fluffy, silk-like plumage that feels like soft fur. These small, gentle birds have a striking appearance with their feathered feet, tufted head, and available in several colors. Silkies are renowned for their calm, friendly temperament, making them excellent pets and broody mothers.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Tinted, Cream |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Friendly, Calm |
71. Speckled Sussex
The Speckled Sussex is a traditional English chicken breed, renowned for its striking plumage of rich mahogany feathers speckled with white. This breed is known for its friendly and curious nature, making it an excellent choice for family flocks. Hardy and adaptable, they are good layers of brown eggs and have a robust build, which also makes them suitable for meat production.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown, Cream, Tan |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Alert, Docile |
72. Sultan
The Sultan chicken, a rare Turkish breed, is known for its extraordinary and ornate appearance. Characterized by a full crest of feathers, feathered feet, vulture hocks, and a unique beard, Sultans are primarily ornamental birds. They have a docile and friendly disposition, making them suitable for exhibitions and as pets.
| Egg Laying: | Poor (1/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Friendly, Docile |
73. Sumatra
The Sumatra chicken, originally from Indonesia, is a striking breed known for its glossy black plumage, long flowing tail, and multiple spurs on each leg. These chickens have a pheasant-like appearance and a graceful, wild demeanor. Sumatras are more ornamental than utilitarian, not bred for egg or meat production but for their elegant appearance and agility.
| Egg Laying: | Fair (2/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Flighty, Jumpy |
74. Vorwerk
The Vorwerk chicken, originating from Germany, is a rare and attractive breed known for its striking black and gold plumage. Medium-sized and robust, Vorwerks are valued for their dual-purpose qualities, producing a fair number of eggs and having good meat. They are hardy, active, and excellent foragers, making them well-suited for free-ranging environments.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Cream |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Alert, Active |
75. Welsummer
The Welsummer chicken, a Dutch breed, is famous for its rich, red-brown plumage and large, dark brown eggs. These medium-sized, friendly chickens are known for their friendly and intelligent temperament, making them excellent choices for backyard flocks. Welsummers have a distinctive partridge pattern, with males showcasing a striking, classic rooster appearance.
| Egg Laying: | Very Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Dark brown |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | Yes |
| Temperament: | Friendly, Intelligent |
76. White Faced Black Spanish
The White Faced Black Spanish is a distinctive and elegant chicken breed, noted for its striking appearance: glossy black plumage contrasted with a unique, white face and large, pendulous earlobes. These chickens are tall, slender, and graceful, with a calm yet aloof demeanor.
| Egg Laying: | Good (3/wk) |
| Egg Color: | White |
| Primary use: | Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Wild, Active |
77. Wyandotte Chicken
The Wyandotte Chicken is a popular American breed, renowned for its striking appearance and robust nature. It features a distinctive plumage pattern, usually laced or speckled, in various colors like red, blue, black, and white. These birds are admired for their dual-purpose qualities, excelling in both egg-laying and meat production. Friendly and hardy, Wyandottes adapt well to different climates.
| Egg Laying: | Good (4/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Brown |
| Primary use: | Meat/Eggs |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Docile, Friendly |
78. Yokohama
The Yokohama chicken, originating from Japan, is a graceful, ornamental breed known for its extraordinarily long, flowing tail and saddle feathers, which can reach impressive lengths. These chickens have a striking appearance with a red-saddled, white plumage variant being the most common.
| Egg Laying: | Poor (1/wk) |
| Egg Color: | Tinted |
| Primary use: | Ornamental |
| Cold Hardy: | No |
| Temperament: | Calm, Quiet |
Conclusion
In the diverse and fascinating world of chicken breeds, there is much to explore and appreciate. From their history and evolution to their role in sustainable farming and conservation, chickens are more than just farm animals; they are a window into the intricacies of nature and human ingenuity. Whether you’re a seasoned poultry farmer or a curious enthusiast, the world of chicken breeds offers endless opportunities for learning and discovery.